python 3.6使用mysql-connector-python报错:SyntaxError: future feature annotations is not defined
python 3.6使用mysql-connector-python报错:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:\newcode\bigdata\pysparkTest\etl\export_doris_schema.py", line 1, in <module>
import mysql.connector
File "D:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\mysql\connector\__init__.py", line 32, in <module>
from .connection_cext import CMySQLConnection
File "D:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\mysql\connector\connection_cext.py", line 40, in <module>
from .abstracts import MySQLConnectionAbstract
File "D:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\mysql\connector\abstracts.py", line 33
from __future__ import annotations
^
SyntaxError: future feature annotations is not defined
Builder
错误分析
这个错误是由于Python版本兼容性问题导致的。错误信息显示:
SyntaxError: future feature annotations is not defined
问题原因:
- from future import annotations 是Python 3.7+才支持的特性
- 您当前使用的mysql-connector-python版本可能需要Python 3.7或更高版本
- 您的Python环境版本可能低于3.7,或者mysql-connector-python版本过新
解决方案
方案1:升级Python版本(推荐)
如果可能的话,升级到Python 3.7或更高版本:
# 检查当前Python版本
python --version
方案2:降级mysql-connector-python版本
卸载当前版本并安装兼容的版本:
pip uninstall mysql-connector-python
pip install mysql-connector-python==8.0.33
方案3:使用替代库(最简单)
使用PyMySQL替代mysql-connector-python,它对Python版本要求更宽松:
下面的是一个使用pymysql导出doris表结构的示例
import pymysql
from pymysql import Error
def export_doris_schema(host, port, user, password, database, output_file):
try:
# 连接到 Doris 的 MySQL 接口
connection = pymysql.connect(
host=host,
port=port,
user=user,
password=password,
database=database,
charset='utf8mb4'
)
print(f"✅ 成功连接到 Doris 数据库: {database}")
cursor = connection.cursor()
# 获取所有表名
cursor.execute("SHOW TABLES")
tables = cursor.fetchall()
with open(output_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
for table in tables:
table_name = table[0]
print(f"📋 正在导出表结构: {table_name}")
cursor.execute(f"SHOW CREATE TABLE `{table_name}`")
create_stmt = cursor.fetchone()[1]
f.write(f"-- 表名:{table_name}\n")
f.write(create_stmt + ";\n\n")
print(f"🎉 所有表结构已成功导出到:{output_file}")
except Error as e:
print(f"❌ 数据库连接或操作失败: {e}")
except Exception as e:
print(f"❌ 发生未知错误: {e}")
finally:
if 'connection' in locals():
cursor.close()
connection.close()
print("🔒 数据库连接已关闭")
# 配置参数(替换为你的实际信息)
config = {
"host": "10.0.42.25", # Doris FE 地址
"port": 9030, # Doris MySQL 协议端口
"user": "root",
"password": "",
"database": "zgcn", # 要导出的数据库名
"output_file": "doris_schema.txt" # 导出文件名
}
# 执行导出
export_doris_schema(**config)